What is Modern Monetary Theory and why does it matter? Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) is a macroeconomic theory that puts the functioning of the monetary system at the center of its analysis. It has post-Keynesian roots and has gained popularity in recent years with its core claim that a state that issues its own currency does not have to fear insolvency 1 . The basics of MMT According to MMT, money is not a scarce commodity that the state has to collect from the private sector through taxes or borrowing before it can spend. Rather, money is a legal and social institution that the state creates and regulates through its monopoly power 2 . The state can use its currency-issuing capacity to finance its spending and achieve public policy goals, such as full employment, social welfare, and environmental sustainability 3 . The main constraint on the state’s spending is not the budget deficit or the public debt, but the availability of real resources (labor, capital, and natural resources) in ...
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